梭鱼,又叫金梭鱼或梭子鱼,俗称海狼或麻雀锦,是一种金梭鱼科魣属的条鳍鱼,个性凶狠且具侵袭性,爱联群出动,因其较大的体积(可长达1.8米)和凶猛的外形而广为人知。
梭鱼身体属长圆柱形,嘴巴尖,下巴阔大,头如梭,长有突出的犬牙状牙齿。两边背鳍分开,一边有五条刺针,另一边则有一条刺针和九条放射状线条,全身横线明显。
梭鱼主要是用来作观赏用途,但亦可作食用,产于沿海或海水淡水交界处,肉质鲜美,不过却含有珊瑚礁鱼毒素。
梭鱼种类
已知的梭鱼品种大概有以下二十多种:
尖鳍魣(Sphyraena acutipinnis):又称尖鳍金梭鱼(Sharpfin barracuda) 横纹魣(Sphyraena afra, a.k.a. Guinean barracuda) 银魣(Sphyraena argentea, a.k.a. Pacific barracuda)
大鳞魣(Sphyraena barracuda):又称巴拉金梭鱼(Great barracuda) 北魣(Sphyraena borealis, a.k.a. Northern sennet) 黄纹魣(Sphyraena chrysotaenia, a.k.a. Yellowstripe barracuda)
剑形魣(Sphyraena ensis, a.k.a. Vicuda or Mexican barracuda) 黄尾魣(Sphyraena flavicauda):又称黄尾金梭鱼(Yellowtail barracuda) 大眼魣(Sphyraena forsteri):又称大眼金梭鱼(Bigeye barracuda)
类魣(Sphyraena genie) 黄条魣(Sphyraena guachancho, a.k.a. Guachanche barracuda) 黄带魣(Sphyraena helleri, a.k.a. Heller’s barracuda) 隐魣(Sphyraena idiastes, a.k.a. Pelican barracuda)
日本魣(Sphyraena japonica):又称日本金梭鱼(Japanese barracuda) 斑条魣(Sphyraena jello):又称竹针鱼(Pickhandle barracuda or Indo-malaysian barracuda) 少鳞魣(Sphyraena langsar, a.k.a. Shortjawed barracuda)
亮魣(Sphyraena lucasana, a.k.a. Lucas barracuda) 黑鳍魣(Sphyraena nigripinnis):又称黑鳍金梭鱼 箭魣(Sphyraena novaehollandiae, a.k.a. Shortfinned barracuda) 钝魣(Sphyraena obtusata, a.k.a. Obtuse barracuda)
大魣(Sphyraena picuda) 南魣(Sphyraena picudilla, a.k.a. Southern sennet) 油魣(Sphyraena pinguis, a.k.a. Red or Brown barracuda) 倒牙魣(Sphyraena putnamae):又称布氏金梭鱼(Sawtooth barracuda)
暗鳍魣(Sphyraena qenie):又称暗鳍金梭鱼(Chevron or Blackfin barracuda) 欧洲魣(Sphyraena sphyraena, a.k.a. European barracuda) 黄口魣(Sphyraena viridensis, a.k.a. Yellowmouth barracuda) 韦氏魣(Sphyraena waitii)